LI Shuang,WANG Xiang-yang,HAO Xiao-di,et al.Research and Application of Life Cycle Assessment in Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2020,36(18):32-37.
全生命周期评价在污水处理中的研究与应用
- Title:
- Research and Application of Life Cycle Assessment in Wastewater Treatment
- 摘要:
- 污水处理在改善水环境的同时也会因污染物排放及能源、资源投入而产生其他负面环境影响。全生命周期评价（LCA）作为一种可以全面评估污水处理总环境影响及其影响减量方法的工具在国内外已得到相当应用。然而，不尽完善与不尽合理的目标范围界定、评价参数选择会导致评价结果客观性有失公允，阻碍LCA在污水处理领域的发展空间。此外，LCA中缺失资源、能源回收模块会使得传统污水处理技术背负它对总环境影响是一种 “污染源”之名。因此，需要审视LCA评价理论与方法的发展历程,剖析国内外污水处理LCA评价的应用现状,指出我国现有LCA评价污水处理的局限,概括污水处理LCA评价未来发展方向,期望藉此推动LCA评价在我国的广泛应用，实现污水处理“净-零”环境效益的远大目标。
- Abstract:
- Wastewater treatment can definitely improve the water environment and also cause other negative environmental impacts due to pollutant discharge and energy/resource input. As a tool comprehensively assessing the total environmental impact and also potentially alleviating the impact, life cycle assessment (LCA) has been widely used in wastewater treatment at home and abroad. However, imperfect and unreasonable target scoping and selection of evaluation parameters could result in unfair evaluation results and hinder LCA development space in sewage treatment field. Moreover, the lack of resource/energy recovery module in LCA would always make traditional sewage treatment technology undertake the negative name of its total environmental impact as a “pollution source”. Therefore, it is necessary to review the LCA progress of assessment theories and methods, to analyze the application status of LCA at home and abroad, to point out the LCA questions applied in China, and to summary the future development direction of LCA in wastewater treatment. Based on the review, it is expected to promote the wide application of LCA in China to realize the goal of “net-zero” environmental impact of wastewater treatment.
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