DONGZi-jun,HANMiao-miao,LIWei,et al.Effect of Cl- on Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater within HA/PMS System[J].China Water & Wastewater,2025,41(3):89-96.
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Effect of Cl- on Degradation of Organic Pollutants in Wastewater within HA/PMS System

China Water & Wastewater[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] volume: 第41卷 Number: 第3期 Page: 89-96 Column: Date of publication: 2025-02-01
Author(s):
DONG　Zi-jun1;  HAN　Miao-miao2;  LI　Wei2;  JIANG　Cheng-chun3
（1. Underground Polis Academy， College of Civil and Transportation Engineering， Shenzhen University， Shenzhen 518060， China； 2. School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering， Shenyang Jianzhu University， Shenyang 110168， China； 3. School of Material and Environmental Engineering， Shenzhen Polytechnic University， Shenzhen 518055， China）
Keywords:
chloride ion;  hydroxylamine;  persulfate;  phenol;  advanced oxidation
Abstract:
Chlorine ions, which are prevalent in coastal regions, can generate chlorine active substances under the action of free radicals. This process may compromise the efficacy of refractory organic matter removal from wastewater. To investigate the impact of Cl- on the removal of phenol from wastewater using hydroxylamine (HA) activated persulfate (PMS) advanced oxidation technology and to elucidate the rules governing product formation, the experiments were carried out from multiple perspectives, including initial pH, Cl- concentration, identification of active species, and changes in toxicity during the reaction. The degradation rate of phenol was the highest at pH 4. The yields of nitrophenol and nitrosophenol peaked at pH 6 and pH 4, respectively, with concentrations of 4.96 μmol/L and 13.84 μmol/L, corresponding to yields of 24.84% and 69.19%, respectively. Low concentrations of Cl- exerted a slight inhibitory effect on phenol degradation, whereas high concentrations of Cl- enhanced the degradation process. The formation of nitrophenol and nitrosophenol increased in proportion to the rise in Cl- concentration. In the presence of Cl-, the HA/PMS system generated hydroxyl radicals (.OH), sulfate radicals (SO4.-), reactive chlorine species (RCS), and reactive nitrogen species (RNS). These reactive species played a crucial role in pollutant degradation and the formation of nitro-and nitroso-compounds. The results of the Vibrio fischeri luminescence assay indicated that the substances generated within the system exhibited significant toxicity overall. As the oxidation process advanced, the HA/PMS system progressively degraded the highly toxic compounds present in the wastewater.
Last Update: 2025-02-01