WANGCe,YANGYang,YUANYue,et al.Construction of Nitrification Toxicity Sensor Based on Electronic Mediator and Microbial Embedding[J].China Water & Wastewater,2025,41(15):116-124.
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Construction of Nitrification Toxicity Sensor Based on Electronic Mediator and Microbial Embedding

China Water & Wastewater[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] volume: 第41卷 Number: 第15期 Page: 116-124 Column: Date of publication: 2025-08-01
Author(s):
WANG　Ce1; 2; 3;  YANG　Yang2; 3; 4;  YUAN　Yue2; 3;  TIAN　Jia-yu1;  MA　Guo-xin2; 3; 5;  CAI　Yu-tong2; 3;  YU　Yin2; 3;  WU　Chang-yong2; 3
（1. School of Civil and Transportation Engineering， Hebei University of Technology， Tianjin 300401， China； 2. Research Center of Environmental Pollution Control Technology， Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences， Beijing 100012， China； 3. State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment， Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences， Beijing 100012， China； 4. The Institute of Seawater Desalination and Multipurpose Utilization， MNR， Tianjin 300192， China； 5. Environmental Technology Engineering Co. Ltd.， Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences， Beijing 100012， China）
Keywords:
nitrification toxicity sensor;  poly?neutral red;  sodium alginate;  electronic mediator;  microbial embedding
Abstract:
Nitrifying bacteria, which are particularly sensitive to toxic substances and exhibit slow recovery after exposure, pose significant challenges to the operation of wastewater treatment facilities. However, dedicated sensors for monitoring nitrification toxicity are currently lacking. This study developed a nitrification toxicity sensor based on an electron mediator and sodium alginate-immobilized nitrifying sludge. The glassy carbon electrode was modified with poly-neutral red, synthesized under optimized polymerization conditions (solution composition: 100 mmol/L phosphate-buffered saline, 100 mmol/L NaNO3, and 1 mmol/L neutral red), establishing an electron transfer chain between nitrifying bacteria and the electrode. This strategy overcomes the limitations of extracellular electron transfer in non-electrogenic microorganisms, avoiding secondary pollution while maintaining electrochemical reversibility. The nitrifying sludge was uniformly mixed with 6% sodium alginate at a mass ratio of 1∶5 and cross-linked in 4% calcium chloride for 15 minutes, resulting in a microbial test layer with controllable thickness and stable cell density. The sensor demonstrated effective detection of nitrification toxicity for both model compounds and actual wastewater. Compared to traditional methods, it exhibited higher correlation coefficients, broader detection ranges, shorter analysis times, and improved operational simplicity, enabling real-time monitoring. This innovation provides real-time warnings for nitrification toxicity in wastewater treatment systems, offering technical support to ensure system stability and operational reliability.
Last Update: 2025-08-01