LIUYang,WENYuhong,CHENJiyi,et al.Carbon Footprint Analysis of Water Supply System Based on Water-Energy-Carbon Perspective[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(12):44-50.
Carbon Footprint Analysis of Water Supply System Based on Water-Energy-Carbon Perspective
China Water & Wastewater[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU]
volume:
第42卷
Number:
第12期
Page:
44-50
Column:
Date of publication:
2026-06-17
- Abstract:
- This study developed two quantitative accounting models for carbon emissions based on water supply system project types and applied them to practical projects. In the selection of new project designs, quantitative analysis was integrated to compare alternatives. The results revealed that the operational phase contributed 78.91% of total life-cycle carbon emissions, with electricity consumption (86.82%) and chemical consumption (13.12%) identified as key emission sources. From a process flow perspective, the delivery pump house and intake pump house were the primary energy-intensive emission units, accounting for 51.91% and 21.64% of net carbon emissions in the water treatment process, respectively, marking them as key nodes for carbon reduction. The application of these models enabled the case study waterworks to reduce carbon emission intensity by 38.30% through optimized pump selection and the integration of smart design. For the equipment upgrades of existing waterworks（water supply station）, a multiple linear regression analysis of historical carbon emission data from delivery pump stations, combined with water supply volume, average outlet pressure, and raw water pH, demonstrated significant correlations between carbon emission intensity and these variables. To explore regional carbon emission characteristics, energy consumption and influencing factors were evaluated for waterworks in a southern Chinese province. The results highlighted significant emission variations across regions due to topography, water intake methods, supply modes, and treatment processes. Additionally, energy-related carbon emissions in waterworks showed strong correlations with social factors such as the urban population served, water supply capacity, GDP, and water supply coverage rate.
Last Update:
2026-06-17