KangDejun,LinYixian,LinNanjin,et al.High-precision Parameter Calibration of SWMM Based on BP-SA Optimization Algorithm[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(13):130-136.
High-precision Parameter Calibration of SWMM Based on BP-SA Optimization Algorithm
China Water & Wastewater[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU]
volume:
第42卷
Number:
第13期
Page:
130-136
Column:
Date of publication:
2026-07-01
- Keywords:
- storm water management model (SWMM); parameter calibration; back propagation (BP) neural network; simulated annealing algorithm
- Abstract:
- In the construction of the storm water management model (SWMM), parameter calibration is a critical step to ensure the accuracy and reliability of model simulations. However, traditional calibration methods struggle to obtain the global optimal solution due to parameter complexity, high uncertainty, and low computational efficiency. To address this issue, a hybrid optimization algorithm integrating a back propagation (BP) neural network with a simulated annealing algorithm was proposed. First, a modified Morris screening method was applied to identify the hydrological and hydraulic parameters that were sensitive to peak runoff and total runoff, thereby reducing the dimensionality of the parameter space during calibration. Second, a BP neural network was used to rapidly predict simulation outcomes under different parameter combinations, significantly reducing computational costs. Finally, a simulated annealing algorithm was introduced, which leveraged the Metropolis criterion and a temperature decay mechanism to effectively balance global exploration and local exploitation capabilities. Experimental results demonstrated that this method achieved high accuracy and excellent adaptability under various rainfall return periods. Specifically, the relative error in calibrating the comprehensive runoff coefficient was maintained at approximately 0.1%, and the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient was calibrated above 0.99, providing a reliable technical pathway for the automated calibration of complex urban stormwater models.
Last Update:
2026-07-01