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石墨烯海绵强化单级自养脱氮性能及其机制

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第42卷 期数: 2026年第1期 页码: 1-7 栏目: 出版日期: 2026-01-01
Title:
Enhancing Single-stage Autotrophic Nitrogen Removal Performance by Graphene Oxide Sponge and Its Mechanism
作者:
贺静雯1,2， 方星懿1,2， 付鹏程1,2， 吴莎2,3
（1.长沙理工大学 水利与海洋工程学院，湖南 长沙 410076；2.洞庭湖水环境治理与生态修复湖南省重点实验室，湖南 长沙 410114；3.长沙理工大学 土木与环境工程学院，湖南 长沙 410076）
Author(s):
HE　Jingwen1，2， FANG　Xingyi1，2， FU　Pengcheng1，2， WU　Sha2，3
（1. School of Hydraulic and Ocean Engineering， Changsha University of Science and Technology， Changsha 410076， China； 2. Key Laboratory of Dongting Lake Aquatic Eco-Environmental Control and Restoration of Hunan Province， Changsha 410114， China； 3. School of Civil and Environmental Engineering， Changsha University of Science and Technology， Changsha 410076， China）
关键词:
自养脱氮;  厌氧氨氧化;  石墨烯海绵;  性能强化
Keywords:
autotrophic nitrogen removal;  Anammox;  graphene oxide sponge;  performance enhancement
摘要:
采用三维石墨烯海绵（3D-GO）对基于厌氧氨氧化的单级自养脱氮工艺（PN/A）进行强化，并结合功能菌活性、微观形貌及群落结构分析探讨其强化作用机制。结果显示，3D-GO的投加显著提升了系统的脱氮效率，其中氨氧化菌（AOB）与厌氧氨氧化菌（AnAOB）的活性最高分别达到0.92和0.34 g/（gVSS·d）。同时，3D-GO为功能微生物提供了三维支撑骨架，促进了胞外聚合物的分泌并抑制丝状菌过度繁殖，改善了污泥结构稳定性。高通量测序显示，Planctomycetota的相对丰度提升至29.47%，Candidatus Kuenenia成为优势菌群，构建了更高效的脱氮功能网络。3D-GO通过增强功能菌活性、优化群落组成与界面结构，实现了PN/A体系脱氮性能的多重增强。本研究揭示了石墨烯基材料强化自养脱氮的多重机制，为其在污水脱氮领域的工程化应用提供了理论支撑。
Abstract:
To investigate the enhancement effects and underlying mechanisms of graphene oxide sponges (3D-GO) on the nitrogen removal of the partial nitritation/Anammox (PN/A) system, this study analyzed the activity of functional bacteria, morphology, and microbial community structure. The results demonstrated that the addition of 3D-GO significantly improved the nitrogen removal efficiency of the system, with the activity of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing bacteria (AnAOB) peaking at 0.92 g/（gVSS·d）and 0.34 g/（gVSS·d）, respectively. Meanwhile, 3D-GO provided a three-dimensional supporting scaffold for functional microorganisms, promoted the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), suppressed the overgrowth of filamentous bacteria, and improved the structural stability of sludge. High-throughput sequencing results revealed that the relative abundance of Planctomycetota increased to 29.47%, with Candidatus Kuenenia becoming the dominant species, thereby establishing a more efficient nitrogen removal functional network. In summary, 3D-GO achieves multiple enhancements in the nitrogen removal performance of the PN/A system by strengthening functional microbial activity, optimizing community composition, and improving interfacial structure. This study reveals a novel pathway by which graphene-based materials promote autotrophic nitrogen removal, providing theoretical support for their application in high-efficiency nitrogen removal.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-01-01