LiangRenli,HuYongyou,LiangDonghui,et al.Evaluation of Performance of Plant-Integrated Fixed?film Activated Sludge Process for Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(15):82-89.
植物-固定生物膜/活性污泥工艺处理污水效能评价
- Title:
- Evaluation of Performance of Plant-Integrated Fixed?film Activated Sludge Process for Wastewater Treatment
- 关键词:
- 植物-固定生物膜/活性污泥（P-IFAS）工艺; 脱氮除磷; 微生物群落结构; 功能基因; 经济性评价
- Keywords:
- plant-integrated fixed-film activated sludge (P-IFAS) process; nitrogen and phosphorus removal; microbial community structure; functional gene; economic evaluation
- 摘要:
- 以分别采用植物-固定生物膜/活性污泥（P-IFAS）工艺和传统AAO工艺的两座污水处理厂为研究对象，评估P-IFAS工艺的处理效能。长期运行数据显示，P-IFAS工艺对COD、TN、NH3-N和TP的平均去除率分别达到91.30%、60.88%、95.31%和91.66%，其中TN去除率较AAO工艺提升9.10个百分点。工艺沿程分析发现，AAO与P-IFAS工艺均以好氧硝化-缺氧反硝化为主要脱氮路径，但P-IFAS工艺好氧区呈现明显的同步硝化反硝化特征，其对TN的去除率达到15.01%，显著优于AAO工艺（5.07%）。微生物群落分析表明，填料与植物根系的引入并未改变系统中优势菌群的种类组成，但其丰度发生了明显变化，具体表现为Betaproteobacteria、Gammaproteobacteria和Planctomycetia等关键功能菌群的富集。进一步的功能基因解析显示，P-IFAS工艺中反硝化基因的丰度较高，说明其硝酸盐还原与亚硝酸盐转化能力得到增强。此外，norB和nosZ基因的富集反映出P-IFAS工艺更倾向于将氮转化为N2，减少了温室气体（N2O）的生成与积累。
- Abstract:
- This study evaluated the treatment performance of the plant-integrated fixed-film activated sludge (P-IFAS) process by comparing it with a conventional AAO process at two municipal wastewater treatment plants. Long-term operational data showed that the P-IFAS process achieved average removal rates of 91.30% for COD, 60.88% for TN, 95.31% for NH3-N, and 91.66% for TP, with the TN removal rate being 9.10 percentage points higher than that of the AAO process. Profile analysis along the treatment process revealed that both the AAO and P-IFAS processes followed the main nitrogen removal pathway of aerobic nitrification-anoxic denitrification; however, the aerobic zone of the P-IFAS process exhibited pronounced simultaneous nitrification and denitrification (SND), achieving a TN removal rate of 15.01%, which was significantly superior to that of the AAO process (5.07%). Microbial community analysis indicated that the introduction of carriers and plant roots did not alter the taxonomic composition of dominant microbial species in the system, but their relative abundances changed considerably, specifically with the enrichment of key functional bacterial groups such as Betaproteobacteria, Gammaproteobacteria, and Planctomycetia. Further functional gene analysis revealed that the P-IFAS process had higher abundances of denitrification-related genes, suggesting enhanced capacity for nitrate reduction and nitrite transformation. Additionally, the enrichment of norB and nosZ genes indicated that the P-IFAS process was more inclined to convert nitrogen into N2, thereby reducing the generation and accumulation of greenhouse gas (N2O).
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