HAO Xiao-di,ZHANG Yi-ning,LI Ji,et al.Case Analysis of Energy Neutrality and Carbon Neutrality for Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2021,37(20):1-8.
污水处理能源中和与碳中和案例分析
- Title:
- Case Analysis of Energy Neutrality and Carbon Neutrality for Wastewater Treatment
- Keywords:
- wastewater treatment; energy neutrality; carbon neutrality; greenhouse gases (GHGs); anaerobic digestion; thermal energy
- 摘要:
- 污水处理过程因高耗能以及直接温室气体排放，使得逼近碳中和运行势在必行。然而，污水处理多以追求能源中和（Energy neutrality）为目的，且常与碳中和（Carbon neutrality）概念混为一谈。通过欧洲3个不同污水处理厂实例，直观解释并说明能源中和与碳中和的不同。实际运行案例表明，实现能源中和并不意味着同时可以实现碳中和，而如果实现碳中和则可以认为也同时实现了能源中和。这是因为污水处理过程中除能源消耗的间接碳排放外，还会在处理过程中直接产生NxO、CH4、VOCs等温室气体（从COD转化的CO2因大多为生源性，所以不计入碳排放清单）。此外，各种化学药剂（如碳源、除磷药剂等）的生产与运输过程也会间接产生CO2等温室气体。厂外植树造林、风力发电、外源有机物厌氧共消化固然有助于污水处理厂实现碳中和，但这些方式并非污水处理厂分内之事，应该都是“伪中和”。其实，污水处理厂要想同时实现能源中和与碳中和，只有深入挖掘污水余温热能方能实现。
- Abstract:
- Due to the high energy consumption and direct greenhouse gases (GHGs) emission, carbonneural operation of wastewater treatment process has become imperative. However, energy neutrality of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) is often pursued, which is easily confused with the concept of carbon neutrality. With this study, three different European WWTPs are utilized to elucidate the difference between energy neutrality and carbon neutrality. The case studies indicate that achieving energy neutrality does not mean that carbon neutrality can be realized at the same time. Reversely, energy neutrality should be simultaneously realized if carbon neutrality is achieved. This is because there are also direct GHGs like NxO, CH4, and VOCs during the treatment process (biogenic CO2 converted from COD is not included in the carbon emission inventory), besides indirect carbon emissions from energy consumption. Furthermore, both production and transportation of chemicals (such as carbon sources, chemical phosphorus agents, etc.) can indirectly generate GHGs. Afforestation, wind power, and anaerobic co-digestion with exogenous organics can certainly contribute to carbon neutrality for WWTPs, but these measures are usually conducted outside WWTPs so that they should be called as “pseudo-neutrality”. In fact, simultaneously achieving energy neutrality and carbon neutrality for WWTPs can be only accomplished under the condition of utilizing thermal energy.
相似文献/References:
[1]张莹,王昌稳,李军,等.投加微粉强化低浓度生活污水活性污泥好氧颗粒化[J].中国给水排水,2018,34(21):12.
ZHANG Ying,WANG Chang wen,LI Jun,et al.Strengthening Aerobic Granulation of Activated Sludge by Adding Micro Powder in Low Concentration Sewage Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2018,34(20):12.
[2]卢如,巨志剑,杜琼.采用A/O工艺的污水处理厂提标改造工程设计[J].中国给水排水,2018,34(20):56.
LU Ru,JU Zhi jian,DU Qiong.Upgrading and Reconstruction Project Design of Wastewater Treatment Plant with A/O Process[J].China Water & Wastewater,2018,34(20):56.
[3]王连杰,李金河,郑兴灿,等.城镇污水系统中病毒特性和规律相关研究分析[J].中国给水排水,2020,36(6):14.
[4]顾玉中,黄学军,金秋景,等.污水处理厂轴流泵电流爬升的原因及解决方法[J].中国给水排水,2020,36(10):119.
[5]王凯,高波,张磊,等.危废处置中心污水分质处理工艺设计及运行经验[J].中国给水排水,2020,36(16):69.
WANG Kai,GAO Bo,ZHANG Lei,et al.Experience in Design and Operation of Wastewater Separate Treatment in the Hazardous Waste Disposal Center[J].China Water & Wastewater,2020,36(20):69.
[6]李爽,王向阳,郝晓地,等.全生命周期评价在污水处理中的研究与应用[J].中国给水排水,2020,36(18):32.
LI Shuang,WANG Xiang-yang,HAO Xiao-di,et al.Research and Application of Life Cycle Assessment in Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2020,36(20):32.
[7]尹真真,赵丽,范围,等.城市生活污水厂处理工业废水的运营管理对策[J].中国给水排水,2020,36(24):54.
YIN Zhen-zhen,ZHAO Li,FAN Wei,et al.Suggestions on Operation and Management of Urban Domestic Sewage Treatment Plant Handled Industrial Wastewater[J].China Water & Wastewater,2020,36(20):54.
[8]Jan Vymazal,卫婷,赵亚乾,等.细数植物在人工湿地污水处理中的作用[J].中国给水排水,2021,37(2):25.
Jan Vymazal,WEI Ting,ZHAO Ya-qian,et al.Counting the Roles of Plants in Constructed Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2021,37(20):25.
[9]彭冠平,黄文海,刘军,等.武汉火神山、雷神山医院污水处理工程设计[J].中国给水排水,2021,37(2):42.
PENG Guan-ping,HUANG Wen-hai,LIU Jun,et al.Sewage Treatment Project Design of Wuhan Huoshenshan and Leishenshan Hospitals[J].China Water & Wastewater,2021,37(20):42.
[10]何家仪.香港沙头角污水厂扩建工程的智慧管理及信息化建设[J].中国给水排水,2021,37(2):72.
Carol HO Ka-yee.Smart Management and Digitalized Construction for Expansion Project of Sha Tau Kok Sewage Treatment Works in Hong Kong[J].China Water & Wastewater,2021,37(20):72.