[1]郝晓地,闫颖颖,李季,等.污水处理出水电解制氢可行性分析[J].中国给水排水,2023,39(18):1-8.
　HAOXiao-di,YANYing-ying,LIJi,et al.Feasibility Analysis of Producing Hydrogen by Electrolyzing Effluent from Wastewater Treatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2023,39(18):1-8.
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污水处理出水电解制氢可行性分析

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第39卷 期数: 2023年第18期 页码: 1-8 栏目: 出版日期: 2023-09-17
Title:
Feasibility Analysis of Producing Hydrogen by Electrolyzing Effluent from Wastewater Treatment
作者:
郝晓地， 闫颖颖， 李季， 刘然彬
（北京建筑大学城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室 中-荷未来污水处理技术研发中心，北京 100044）
Author(s):
HAO　Xiao-di， YAN　Ying-ying， LI　Ji， LIU　Ran-bin
（Sino-Dutch R & D Centre for Future Wastewater Treatment Technologies， Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment ， Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture
关键词:
污水处理出水;  电解水制氢;  能源转化率;  清洁能源;  水源选择
Keywords:
effluent from wastewater treatment;  electrolytic hydrogen production;  energy conversion efficiency;  cleaner energy;  water sources selection
摘要:
“双碳”目标下，氢气（H2）已被定义为无污染、无碳排的“终极”能源。在众多制氢方法中，电解水制氢是最具潜力的制氢路线之一。该技术一是取决于清洁能源或谷电，再就是持续的水源供应。从全球来看，目前化石能源仍然占据主导地位（>60%），而在我国化石能源占比更是高达80%。因此，电解水制氢能源转化率以及相应的碳排放是首先需要考虑的问题。对于电解水制氢的水源问题，与地下水、地表水、海水相比，污水处理厂出水具有较大的水源优势。所以，在城市中原位建设制氢站不无可能，关键取决于电的来源。从能源结构、水源供应、经济成本和环境影响多个角度对电解水制氢进行了全方位分析。尽管电解水制氢能源转化效率仅为74.5%~83.0%，但若有夜间谷电或“弃风”“弃光”能源场景，利用污水处理出水发展电解水制氢则有可能。否则，约20%的制氢能量损耗将得不偿失。
Abstract:
Under the goals of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, hydrogen (H2) has been defined as an “ultimate” energy source, due to no pollutions produced and no greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted. Among others, electrolytic hydrogen production is one of the most potential routes. Electrolytic hydrogen production depends on clean energy and/or off-peak electricity, and available water sources. On a global scale, fossil fuels still play a major role (more than 60%) in the total energy consumption. China even consumes more fossil fuels (80%) in its energy structure. Thus, the energy conversion efficiency of the electrolytic hydrogen production ae well as the involved carbon discharge should be the priority. In regard of water sources to be used for electrolytic hydrogen production, the effluent from wastewater treatment should be preferred over other water sources including groundwater, surface water and seawater. For this reason, hydrogen factories might be in situ established in cities, but heavily depending on available energy. Based on energy structure, water sources, economic cost, and environmental impact, electrolytic hydrogen production was fully evaluated. Although electrolytic hydrogen production has low energy conversion efficiency (74.5%-83.0%), it is completely possible to develop it with off-peak electricity and/or abandoned wind and light energy. Otherwise, about 20% of energy loss during electrolytic hydrogen production would result in an embarrassed situation that the loss outweighs the gain.
更新日期/Last Update: 2023-09-17