[1]施汉昌,汪秋婉,张明凯,等.精确曝气实现污水处理厂节能减排：计算方法与控制策略[J].中国给水排水,2024,40(20):1-6.
　SHIHan-chang,WANGQiu-wan,ZHANGMing-kai,et al.Precise Aeration for the Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction of Wastewater Treatment Plant: Optimization Algorithm and Control Strategy[J].China Water & Wastewater,2024,40(20):1-6.
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精确曝气实现污水处理厂节能减排：计算方法与控制策略

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第40卷 期数: 2024年第20期 页码: 1-6 栏目: 出版日期: 2024-10-17
Title:
Precise Aeration for the Energy Conservation and Carbon Reduction of Wastewater Treatment Plant: Optimization Algorithm and Control Strategy
作者:
施汉昌1,2， 汪秋婉2,3,4， 张明凯2， 柯细勇2
（1.清华大学 环境学院，北京 100084；2.京津冀国家技术创新中心 环境与资源研究所，北京 100094；3.北京大学 工学院，北京 100871；4.北京百度网讯科技有限公司，北京 100085）
Author(s):
SHI　Han-chang1，2， WANG　Qiu-wan2，3，4， ZHANG　Ming-kai2， KE　Xi-yong2
（1. School of Environment， Tsinghua University， Beijing 100084， China； 2. Institute of Environment and Resources， China National Center for Technological Innovation of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region， Beijing 100094， China； 3. School of Engineering， Peking University， Beijing 100871， China； 4. Beijing Baidu Netcom Science Technology Co. Ltd.， Beijing 100085， China）
关键词:
精确曝气;  污泥负荷;  溶解氧;  脱氮除磷;  污水处理厂;  碳减排
Keywords:
precise aeration;  sludge load;  dissolved oxygen;  nitrogen and phosphorus removal;  wastewater treatment plant (WWTP);  carbon reduction
摘要:
介绍了精确曝气的技术原理及其在污水处理中的计算方法与控制策略。通过技术应用的节能降碳效果，指明精确曝气是污水处理厂实现节能减排的重要技术之一，其研究内容包括技术原理、计算方法和控制策略。采用模型软件对污水处理工艺进行模拟，确定不同条件下较优的运行条件， 并根据优化的运行条件进行供气量和溶解氧浓度控制值的计算。在实际操作中，通过前馈加反馈的控制策略可实现精确曝气。前馈控制根据进水水质和水量计算出理论供氧量，以及参考鼓风机负载或调频等条件调节供气量。反馈控制则根据实际溶解氧浓度与设定值之间的偏差进行调整，使供气量满足实际需求并保持稳定。在实施控制时，采用溶解氧浓度和气体流量的串级控制方式，即根据溶解氧浓度来调节阀门的开度，同时根据气体流量计的流量趋势对风机进行预调节，以减小供气量的波动。研究结果表明，采用精确曝气技术，案例污水处理厂去除单位污染物（以COD+NH3-N计）的鼓风曝气平均电耗从0.418 7 kW·h/kg降至0.384 1 kW·h/kg，实现节能8.2%，相当于减碳431 kgCO2-eq/d。同时，内外回流液的溶解氧浓度从2.5 mg/L降至0.87 mg/L，缺氧区和厌氧区碳源（COD）消耗减少489 kg/d。以乙酸钠为例，平均减碳350 kgCO2-eq/d。综合考虑节能和降耗两方面，每年可实现减碳285.5 t。
Abstract:
This paper outlines the technical principles of precise aeration and its process optimization algorithm and the control strategy in wastewater treatment. Through its application to prove the effect of energy conservation and carbon reduction, it indicates that precise aeration is one of the important technologies for wastewater treatment plants to achieve energy conservation and carbon reduction. The research includes the principles of technology, calculation methods, and control strategies. Model software is used to simulate the process of wastewater treatment plants, to determine better operating conditions under different scenarios, and to calculate the air supply and dissolved oxygen concentration based on the optimized operating conditions. In practice, the precise aeration is realized by the control strategy of feedforward and feedback. Feedforward control includes calculating the theoretical oxygen supply according to the flow and quality of influent and adjusting the air supply concerning conditions such as blower load or frequency regulation. The feedback control is adjusted according to the deviation between the actual dissolved oxygen concentration and the setting value, ensuring that the air supply meets the actual demand and remains stable. During the implementation of control, the cascade control of dissolved oxygen concentration and air flow is adopted. This involves adjusting the opening of the valve according to the dissolved oxygen concentration and pre-adjusting the blower according to the flow trend of the air flow meter. This cascade control can reduce the fluctuation of air supply. The results show that the average power consumption of blast aeration for the removal of unit pollutants in the wastewater treatment plant is reduced from 0.418 7 kW·h/kg(COD+NH3-N) to 0.384 1 kW·h/kg(COD+NH3-N) by applying precise aeration technology. This results in an 8.2% energy savings and a 431 kgCO2-eq/d carbon reduction. At the same time, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the internal and external return sludge was reduced from 2.5 mg/L to 0.87 mg/L, potentially reducing the consumption of 489 kg carbon source (COD) in anoxic and anaerobic areas every day. Taking sodium acetate as an example, the average carbon reduction is 350 kgCO2-eq/d. Considering energy conservation and consumption reduction, 285.5 tons of carbon can be reduced every year with this technology.

相似文献/References:

[1]柯水洲,胡祥,马晶伟,等.多段改良A2O脱氮除磷工艺生产运行优化[J].中国给水排水,2023,39(17):74.
　KEShui-zhou,HUXiang,MAJing-wei,et al.Operation Optimization of Multi-stage Modified A2O Process for Nitrogen and Phosphorus Removal[J].China Water & Wastewater,2023,39(20):74.
[2]孙事昊,庞洪涛,张璐晶,等.等污泥负荷不等池容多级AO的设计计算及优势分析[J].中国给水排水,2024,40(14):85.
　SUNShi-hao,PANGHong-tao,ZHANGLu-jing,et al.Design Calculation and Advantage Analysis of Multi-stage A/O Process with Equal Sludge Load and Unequal Volume[J].China Water & Wastewater,2024,40(20):85.

更新日期/Last Update: 2024-10-17