QINXian-xiang,LIZi-hao,WANGZheng-xiao,et al.Operational Efficiency of Multi-stage Reverse Osmosis Process for Producing Reclaimed Water under Varying Influent Conditions[J].China Water & Wastewater,2024,40(23):64-69.
不同进水条件下再生水多段反渗透工艺的运行效能
- Title:
- Operational Efficiency of Multi-stage Reverse Osmosis Process for Producing Reclaimed Water under Varying Influent Conditions
- 摘要:
- 反渗透系统可提供高品质再生水，但存在浓水处理难题。增加段数可减少浓水体积，降低浓水处理成本，是解决浓水处理问题的有效途径。然而，段数的增加对浓水产量的削减能力及其对系统运行的影响尚不清晰。通过分析一级四段反渗透系统各段膜通量、产水水质和单位产水能耗的差异，探究了多段反渗透系统的运行效能。结果表明，若一级二段系统回收率为75%左右，当段数增加到三段时系统回收率可提高至85%左右，当段数增加到四段时系统回收率仅比一级三段增加3%左右。当系统进水总溶解性固体（TDS）为900~2 000 mg/L时，一~三段产水TDS均小于150 mg/L，一~四段的膜通量分别为20~27、11~17、1~15和7~10 L/（m2·h）。三、四段单位产水能耗仅为一、二段的47%。
- Abstract:
- The reverse osmosis (RO) system is capable of producing high-quality reclaimed water. However, it faces challenges related to the treatment of concentrated water. Increasing the number of operational stages can effectively minimize the volume of concentrated water and lower associated treatment costs, thereby providing a viable solution to the issues surrounding concentrated water management. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of the augmented number of stages in mitigating concentrated water production and its subsequent effects on system performance remains ambiguous. This study assessed the operational efficiency of the single four-stage reverse osmosis system by analyzing the variations in membrane flux, water quality, and energy consumption per unit of water produced. If the recovery rate of a two-stage system in the single system was approximately 75%, the recovery rate could be enhanced to around 85%, when the number of stages was increased to three. However, upon further increasing the stages to four, the recovery rate only showed an improvement of about 3% compared to that of the three-stage system. When the total dissolved solids (TDS) in influent ranged from 900 mg/L to 2 000 mg/L, the TDS in effluent from the first to third stages remained below 150 mg/L. The membrane fluxes for each stage were as follows: first stage at 20-27 L/(m2·h), second stage at 11-17 L/(m2·h), third stage at 1-15 L/(m2·h), and fourth stage at 7-10 L/(m2·h). The energy consumption per unit of water production in the third and fourth stages was 47% of that observed in the first and second stages.
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