CHENJi-yi,LIUYang,SHIZhou,et al.Low-carbon Optimization Design Strategy of Urban Water Supply System and Its Application[J].China Water & Wastewater,2024,40(24):46-52.
城镇供水系统低碳优化设计策略与应用
- Title:
- Low-carbon Optimization Design Strategy of Urban Water Supply System and Its Application
- 摘要:
- 从城镇供水系统工艺特征角度开展了碳排放核算边界分析和特征识别，供水系统因处理工艺特点其主要碳排表现形式为间接碳排放，其中因购买电力而产生的碳排为主要碳排构成，其次为药耗及物料运输。从优化设计角度系统归纳提炼了减碳、替碳技术策略（减碳方面主要为需求减少、系统优化、能效提升等，替碳方面主要为光伏发电、水源热泵等），并以实际新建项目为例开展低碳优化设计。核算发现，设计阶段的低碳设计优化是决定案例水厂低碳运行的关键因素，采取精细化设计策略能最大程度带来减碳的投入产出比。基于减碳和替碳技术措施的集成应用，该案例水厂降碳比达到39.7%，其中精细化设计贡献率为61.94%，光伏发电技术贡献率为17.41%，精细化管控贡献率为17.65%，水源热泵技术贡献率为3%，通过投入产出分析，该项目低碳化设计内部收益率约27%。
- Abstract:
- From the perspective of process characterization of urban water supply system, this study conducted boundary analysis and developed a framework for carbon accounting. The primary form of carbon emission in water supply system was indirect emissions, with electricity consumption being the dominant carbon hotspot, followed by chemical consumption and material transportation. From the perspective of optimization design, the strategies for carbon reduction and carbon replacement were systematically summarized and refined. The key technical strategy for carbon reduction included demand reduction, system optimization, and energy efficiency improvements. Regarding carbon replacement, the main strategy involved technologies such as photovoltaic power generation and water source heat pump. A low-carbon design optimization was implemented using a newly built project as a case study. Analysis of the carbon accounting research indicated that low-carbon optimization during the design stage is a critical factor in achieving low-carbon operation for the waterworks. Adopting a refined design strategy maximized the input-output ratio of carbon reduction. By integrating carbon reduction and replacement technologies, the carbon reduction ratio of the waterworks in this case reached 39.7%, with a contribution rate of 61.94% for refined design, 17.41% for photovoltaic power generation technology, 17.65% for refined control, and 3% for water source heat pump technology. Furthermore, input-output analysis revealed an internal rate of return (IRR) of approximately 27% for the low-carbon design measures applied to this project.
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