TONGZhi-qing,QIANGGuang-hui,LIJing,et al.Comparison of Methods for Detecting Mercury in Drinking Water Using ICP-MS and AFS[J].China Water & Wastewater,2025,41(10):132-136.
ICP-MS与AFS检测饮用水中汞元素的方法比对
- Title:
- Comparison of Methods for Detecting Mercury in Drinking Water Using ICP-MS and AFS
- 关键词:
- 汞; 饮用水; 原子荧光光谱法; 电感耦合等离子体质谱法
- Keywords:
- mercury; drinking water; atomic fluorescence spectrometry（AFS）; inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)
- 摘要:
- 饮用水中的汞污染对人体健康构成严重威胁，亟须建立准确可靠的检测方法。针对原子荧光光谱法（AFS）前处理流程复杂、易引入污染，以及电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定汞时存在记忆效应和不稳定性的弊端，通过优化实验条件并引入金溶液作为稳定剂，有效解决了汞的吸附和挥发问题。对两种方法检测饮用水中汞元素的性能进行了系统评估，结果表明：ICP-MS和AFS均展现出良好的线性相关性（r≥0.999 5），二者对汞的检出限分别为0.02和0.05 μg/L，加标回收率均在90%~100%，相对标准偏差（RSD）均在1.25%~4.55%，对标准质控样的测定值均在规定的标准值范围内。综合考虑，如果只测定汞元素，推荐采用AFS，因为其仪器操作简便、成本较低；而ICP-MS由于具有多元素同时检测的能力，更适用于需同时测定多种重金属元素的复杂样品。
- Abstract:
- Mercury contamination in drinking water poses a significant threat to human health, necessitating the urgent development of accurate and reliable detection methods. For mercury determination, atomic fluorescence spectrometry (AFS) involves complex pretreatment procedures and is susceptible to contamination, while inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) exhibits limitations such as memory effects and instability. In this study, the issues of mercury adsorption and volatilization were effectively addressed by optimizing experimental conditions and introducing gold solution as a stabilizing agent. The performance of the two methods for detecting mercury in drinking water was systematically assessed and compared. Both ICP-MS and AFS demonstrated excellent linear correlations (r≥0.999 5). The detection limits for mercury using these two methods were 0.02 μg/L and 0.05 μg/L, respectively. The recovery ranged from 90% to 100%, with relative standard deviations (RSD) between 1.25% and 4.55%. The measured values of the standard quality control samples were all within the limits specified in the standard. After comprehensive consideration, if the determination is solely focused on mercury, AFS is recommended due to its ease of instrument operation and relatively low cost. On the other hand, ICP-MS is more appropriate for complex samples requiring the simultaneous detection of multiple heavy metal elements, as it possesses the capability to analyze multiple elements concurrently.
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