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[1]孙佳薇,张洋,金建华,等.高级氧化法对废水可生化性和生物抑制性的影响[J].中国给水排水,2025,41(17):120-125.
　SUNJia-wei,ZHANGYang,JINJian-hua,et al.Impact of Advanced Oxidation Methods on Biodegradability and Biological Inhibition in Wastewater[J].China Water & Wastewater,2025,41(17):120-125.

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高级氧化法对废水可生化性和生物抑制性的影响

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第41卷期数: 2025年第17期页码: 120-125 栏目: 出版日期: 2025-09-01

Title:: Impact of Advanced Oxidation Methods on Biodegradability and Biological Inhibition in Wastewater

作者:: 孙佳薇¹，张洋²，金建华³，丛文杰¹，席劲瑛¹，王玉珏¹; （1.清华大学环境学院，北京 100084；2.中国矿业大学北京化学与环境工程学院，北京 100083；3.石嘴山市生态环境监测站，宁夏石嘴山 753099）

Author(s):: SUN　Jia-wei¹， ZHANG　Yang²， JIN　Jian-hua³， CONG　Wen-jie¹， XI　Jin-ying¹， WANG　Yu-jue¹; （1. School of Environment， Tsinghua University， Beijing 100084， China； 2. School of Chemical Environmental Engineering， China University of Mining and Technology Beijing， Beijing 100083， China； 3. Ecological and Environmental Monitoring Station of Shizuishan City， Shizuishan 753099， China）

关键词:: 化工制药类废水; 可生化性; 生物抑制性; 高级氧化; 电催化氧化; 臭氧氧化

Keywords:: chemical and pharmaceutical wastewater; biodegradability; biological inhibition; advanced oxidation; electro-peroxone; ozonation

摘要:: 针对宁夏某精细化工园区3 种难以生化处理的典型化工制药类企业废水，使用臭氧氧化和电催化氧化（EP）技术对其可生化性和生物抑制性进行了研究。结果表明，3种废水对活性污泥的活性均有一定抑制作用，有毒物质主要为酚类化合物和有机氯农药（OCPs）。具体而言，企业A废水中主要的有毒物质为2-硝基苯酚、异狄氏剂、3-邻氯苯基-2-对氯苯-1，1’-二乙烯（o，p’-DDE）等，企业B主要为2，4-硝基苯酚、甲氧滴滴涕、氯仿等，企业C主要为2-硝基苯酚、三氯杀螨醇、狄氏剂等。两种高级氧化方法对废水可生化性和生物抑制性改善效果明显，经臭氧氧化处理后，企业A、B、C废水的BOD₅/COD（B/C）值由0.18、0.02、0.11分别提升至0.56、0.29、0.36，由不宜生化分别变为好生化、较难生化、较好生化，生物抑制率均下降；经EP处理后B/C值分别提升至0.34、0.16、0.32，分别变为较好生化、不宜生化、较好生化，生物抑制率分别下降16.3%、25.9%、33.4%。低电导率和高浓度硫酸盐会降低EP技术的处理效果，而高浓度氯化物则会影响臭氧氧化技术的处理效果。另外，EP技术在1 h后能有效去除90%的COD，而臭氧氧化的去除能力相对有限，仅为64%；适当提高气相臭氧浓度可以增强EP技术去除COD的能力。可见，高级氧化技术及其与初级处理技术的组合能够有效处理化工制药类废水。

Abstract:: Ozonation and electro-peroxone (EP) technologies were employed within a fine chemical industrial park in Ningxia to investigate the biodegradability and biological inhibition of wastewater from three representative chemical and pharmaceutical enterprises that were resistant to conventional biological treatment. All three types of wastewater exhibited certain inhibitory effects on the activity of activated sludge, with the primary toxic constituents being phenolic compounds and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs). Specifically, the wastewater from enterprise A predominantly contained 2-nitrophenol, endrin, o,p’-DDE, etc.. In contrast, the wastewater from enterprise B mainly comprised 2,4-nitrophenol, methoxychlor, chloroform,etc.. The wastewater from enterprise C primarily included 2-nitrophenol, dicofol, dieldrin, etc.. The two advanced oxidation methods significantly enhanced the biodegradability of wastewater and reduced biological inhibition. Following ozonation treatment, the BOD₅/COD (B/C) ratio of wastewater samples from enterprises A, B, and C increased from initial values of 0.18, 0.02, and 0.11 to 0.56, 0.29, and 0.36, respectively. Consequently, the biodegradability of the wastewater improved from non-biodegradable to better biodegradable, marginally biodegradable, and biodegradable, respectively, and the corresponding biological inhibition rates all decreased. After EP treatment, the B/C ratios increased to 0.34, 0.16, and 0.32, indicating improved biodegradability classifications as biodegradable, non-biodegradable, and biodegradable, respectively. The biological inhibition rates decreased by 16.3%, 25.9%, and 33.4%, respectively. The efficiency of EP could be significantly reduced by low conductivity and high sulfate concentrations, whereas high chloride concentrations might compromise the effectiveness of ozonation. Furthermore, EP could achieve 90% COD removal within one hour, while the corresponding removal efficiency of ozonation was relatively limited at 64%. Adjusting the concentration of gaseous ozone appropriately could enhance the COD removal efficiency of EP. These findings indicate that advanced oxidation technologies, particularly when integrated with primary treatment methods, are highly effective in treating wastewater generated by the chemical and pharmaceutical industries.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-09-01