[1]孙卓,邵知宇,詹子逸,等.超标降雨下城市复杂微地形精细化水力模型的构建[J].中国给水排水,2025,41(23):156-162.
　SUNZhuo,SHAOZhi-yu,ZHANZi-yi,et al.Development of Refined Hydraulic Model for Urban Complex Micro-topographies under Extreme Rainfall Conditions[J].China Water & Wastewater,2025,41(23):156-162.
点击复制

超标降雨下城市复杂微地形精细化水力模型的构建

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第41卷 期数: 2025年第23期 页码: 156-162 栏目: 出版日期: 2025-12-01
Title:
Development of Refined Hydraulic Model for Urban Complex Micro-topographies under Extreme Rainfall Conditions
作者:
孙卓1,2， 邵知宇1,2， 詹子逸1,2， 陈磊1,2， 何强1,2
（1.重庆大学 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室，重庆 400045；2.重庆大学 环境与生态学院，重庆 400045）
Author(s):
SUN　Zhuo1，2， SHAO　Zhi-yu1，2， ZHAN　Zi-yi1，2， CHEN　Lei1，2， HE　Qiang1，2
（1. Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region’s Eco-Environment ， Chongqing University， Chongqing 400045， China； 2. College of Environment and Ecology， Chongqing University， Chongqing 400045， China）
关键词:
城市排水;  洪涝模型;  雨洪管理模型（SWMM）;  超标降雨;  微地形
Keywords:
urban drainage;  flood model;  storm water management model (SWMM);  extreme rainfall;  micro-topography
摘要:
超标降雨是指降雨强度和总量超出城市现有雨水系统排放能力的降雨。在超标降雨情景下，大量雨水溢流至地表，导致城市下穿道、道路低洼路段等微地形区域积水，威胁城市安全运行。由于汇流路径复杂、流量叠加以及系统边界条件的动态变化，立交下穿道和低洼路段等在超标降雨下的精确模拟难度增加，进而影响内涝风险的预判和预警。为此，以城市立交下穿道和低洼路段这两类常见微地形为研究对象，解析了超标降雨下精细化水力模型的构建要素与概化方法，探讨了基于雨洪管理模型（SWMM）的双排水系统和蓄水设施等应对策略。通过对历史降雨事件的复刻验证，检验了所提出的精细化内涝模型构建方法，并深入分析了致涝原因。该精细化内涝模型构建技术耦合了多种关键水力要素，实现了城市复杂微地形在超标降雨下集水、积水、蓄水与排水的全过程动态模拟，能够精准识别雨水口排水瓶颈、顶托及泵站异常等细节对内涝的影响，可为制定内涝改造方案及高精度内涝风险预警提供重要依据。
Abstract:
Extreme rainfall refers to precipitation events where both the intensity and total amount exceed the drainage capacity of the existing urban rainwater system. Under such conditions, a significant volume of rainwater overflows onto the surface, leading to waterlogging in micro-topographic depressions such as urban underpasses and low-lying roads, thereby posing a risk to the safe and efficient operation of urban infrastructure. Due to the complexity of confluence patterns, the superposition of flow rates, and dynamic variations in system boundary conditions, accurate simulation of underpasses and low-lying roads during excessive rainfall events becomes increasingly challenging, thereby impacting the prediction and early warning capabilities for urban flooding risks. This study selected two common micro-topographies, namely urban underpasses and low-lying roads, to examine the construction components and generalization approaches for developing refined hydraulic models under conditions of extreme rainfall. Furthermore, adaptive strategies, including dual drainage systems and water storage facilities, were evaluated using storm water management model (SWMM). The proposed method for constructing a refined urban flooding model was evaluated through the replication and validation of historical rainfall events, enabling a comprehensive analysis of the underlying causes of urban flooding. This refined flood modeling framework integrated multiple critical hydraulic components, enabling a dynamic simulation of the complete urban stormwater cycle including runoff generation, accumulation, storage, and drainage within complex micro-topographical environments under extreme rainfall conditions. The model accurately captures the influence of localized features such as drainage inlet bottlenecks, backwater flooding, and malfunctioning pumping stations on urban flooding, thereby providing a robust foundation for developing targeted flood mitigation strategies and high-precision flood risk early warning systems.
更新日期/Last Update: 2025-12-01