CHENFeiyu,YANGLifeng,SONGHualong,et al.Occurrence Characteristics and Migration Transformation of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Typical Dyeing and Finishing Wastewater Treatment Plant[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(3):18-24.
园区染整废水处理厂PFCs的赋存特征与迁移转化
- Title:
- Occurrence Characteristics and Migration Transformation of Perfluorinated Compounds in a Typical Dyeing and Finishing Wastewater Treatment Plant
- Keywords:
- dyeing and finishing wastewater; perfluorinated compounds; treatment process; occurrence characteristics; migration and transformation
- 摘要:
- 为评估染整废水中全氟化合物（PFCs）的赋存情况及典型废水处理工艺对PFCs的去除效率，系统解析了某印染纺织园区大型染整废水处理厂各工艺出水PFCs的浓度分布、组成谱系及迁移转化规律。通过对处理厂各工艺单元进行6个月的跟踪取样，采用液相色谱-串联质谱法分析了20种PFCs，并结合常规水质指标进行对比。结果表明，废水中共检出14种PFCs，总浓度为417~1 100 ng/L，以全氟羧酸（PFCAs）为主（占比>93.4%）。现有工艺对常规污染物去除效果良好，但对PFCs的总体去除效果不显著。具体而言，混凝沉淀对长链PFCAs（如PFDA、PFUdA）具有一定的吸附去除效果（去除率最高为40.9%），但导致了短链PFCAs浓度上升；好氧与厌氧生物处理单元因前体物（如氟调聚醇）转化，导致多种PFCAs浓度显著上升（最高增幅达234.0%）；末端深度处理单元的芬顿工艺对长链PFCAs（如PFUdA）的去除率最高为95.1%，但对短链PFCAs去除有限（C4~C6，平均去除率为-106.3%~5.1%）。研究证实，传统染整废水处理工艺对PFCs去除效果有限，反而是短链PFCs的“转化器”与“二次释放源”，存在潜在的二次释放风险。
- Abstract:
- This study aimed to assess the occurrence and removal of perfluorinated compounds (PFCs) in a typical dyeing and finishing wastewater treatment plant. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the concentration distribution, compositional profile, and migration transformation behavior of PFCs throughout the entire treatment process. Over a six-month sampling campaign, water samples were collected from various treatment units. Twenty target PFCs were analyzed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, alongside conventional water quality parameters. Results revealed the presence of 14 PFCs, with total concentrations ranging from 417 ng/L to 1 100 ng/L, dominated by perfluorocarboxylic acids (PFCAs, >93.4%). While the process achieved satisfactory removal of conventional pollutants, it demonstrated negligible removal efficiency for PFCs. Specifically, coagulation-sedimentation enabled adsorptive removal of long-chain PFCAs (e.g. PFDA and PFUdA, up to 40.9%), but increased the concentrations of short-chain PFCAs. Both aerobic and anaerobic biological units significantly increased the concentrations of various PFCAs (up to 234.0%) due to the continuous transformation of precursors (e.g. fluorotelomer alcohols). The terminal Fenton process effectively degraded long?chain PFCAs (e.g. PFUdA，up to 95.1%), but exhibited limited removal of short?chain PFCAs (C4-C6, average removal of -106.3% to 5.1%). This study confirms that conventional treatment processes serve not only as a passage for PFCs into the environment but also as a “transformer” and “secondary release source” for short?chain PFCs, posing a potential risk of secondary release.
相似文献/References:
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WUJing-jing,GUIPing,GUOFeng-qiao.SPE-UPLC-MS/MS for Determination of 17 PFCs in Water[J].China Water & Wastewater,2022,38(3):28.
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[3]吴斌,郝怡菲,苏宇亮,等.在线固相萃取-UHPLC-MS/MS测定水中全氟化合物[J].中国给水排水,2026,42(2):132.
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