HUANGXiaoyi,BAIFubiao,WANGXinglin,et al.Development of Ornithine-based Nanofiltration Membranes for Selective Separation of Organic Matter and Minerals[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(5):47-54.
鸟氨酸纳滤膜制备及其分离有机物和矿物质的效能
- Title:
- Development of Ornithine-based Nanofiltration Membranes for Selective Separation of Organic Matter and Minerals
- Keywords:
- drinking water; nanofiltration membrane; ornithine; natural organic matter; minerals; selective separation
- 摘要:
- 制备针对矿物质/天然有机物选择性分离的纳滤膜在饮用水处理中具有重要意义。常规聚酰胺纳滤膜（CIP）主要以哌嗪（PIP）为水相单体、以均苯三甲酰氯（TMC）为有机相单体，一般不具备选择性，在去除有机污染物的同时也会截留Ca2+和Mg2+。为此，通过界面聚合（IP），在聚乙烯醚砜基膜上利用带有柔性脂肪链的鸟氨酸（Orn）作为独立水相单体、以TMC作为有机相单体，制备具有强电负性及疏松结构聚酰胺（PA）层的纳滤膜，用于Ca2+、Mg2+等矿物质和天然有机物（腐殖酸、海藻酸钠）的高效分离，并利用扫描电镜（SEM）、X射线光电子能谱仪（XPS）和傅里叶红外光谱仪（FTIR）等分析手段对该鸟氨酸纳滤膜（Orn-NF）进行表征。结果表明，Orn的α-氨基在酰胺化反应过程中会受到α-羧基的位阻，易使PA层的交联度低于CIP，可促进疏松PA层的生成；Orn引入了额外的—COOH，增强了PA层整体的电负性，有利于正电荷离子的透过；Orn-NF实现了Ca2+、Mg2+等矿物质的高效透过（截留率为6.34%~15.34%）和腐殖酸、海藻酸钠等天然有机污染物的高截留（截留率>98%），展现出卓越的分离性能、渗透性和操作稳定性。
- Abstract:
- The fabrication of nanofiltration (NF) membranes capable of selectively separating minerals from natural organic matter (NOM) holds significant importance for drinking water treatment. Conventional polyamide NF membranes (CIP), typically synthesized via interfacial polymerization (IP) using piperazine (PIP) as the aqueous monomer and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) as the organic monomer, generally lack selectivity. While effectively removing organic pollutants, they also retain beneficial divalent cations such as Ca2+ and Mg2+. To address this, an NF membrane featuring a strongly electronegative and loosely structured polyamide (PA) layer was developed. This was achieved by employing ornithine (Orn)—an amino acid with a flexible aliphatic chain—as the sole aqueous monomer, reacting with TMC on a polyethersulfone support membrane via IP. The resulting ornithine-based NF membrane (Orn-NF) was designed for the efficient selective separation of minerals (e.g., Ca2+, Mg2+) and NOM (e.g., humic acid, sodium alginate). The membrane was characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results indicated that during amidation, the α-amino group of Orn experiences steric hindrance from its adjacent α-carboxyl group. This likely led to a lower cross-linking density in the PA layer compared to the CIP membrane, facilitating the formation of a more open structure. Furthermore, Orn introduced additional carboxyl groups (—COOH), enhancing the overall electronegativity of the PA layer and promoting the permeation of positively charged ions. Consequently, the Orn-NF membrane demonstrated remarkable separation performance: high permeation of minerals (retention rates of 6.34% to 15.34% for Ca2+ and Mg2+) coupled with high rejection of NOM (retention rates >98% for humic acid and sodium alginate). The membrane also exhibited excellent permeability and operational stability.
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