[1]刘利萍,刘灵婕,程美悦,等.部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化对磺胺甲恶唑胁迫的响应[J].中国给水排水,2026,42(7):15-22.
　LIULiping,LIULingjie,CHENGMeiyue,et al.Response of Single-stage Partial Nitritation-Anammox System to Sulfamethoxazole Stress[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(7):15-22.
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部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化对磺胺甲恶唑胁迫的响应

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第42卷 期数: 2026年第7期 页码: 15-22 栏目: 出版日期: 2026-04-01
Title:
Response of Single-stage Partial Nitritation-Anammox System to Sulfamethoxazole Stress
作者:
刘利萍1,2， 刘灵婕1,2， 程美悦1,2， 于静洁1,2， 赵健慧1,2， 邱春生1,2， 王少坡1,2
（1.天津城建大学 环境与市政工程学院，天津 300384；2.天津市水质科学与技术重点实验室，天津 300384）
Author(s):
LIU　Liping1，2， LIU　Lingjie1，2， CHENG　Meiyue1，2， YU　Jingjie1，2， ZHAO　Jianhui1，2， QIU　Chunsheng1，2， WANG　Shaopo1，2
（1. School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering， Tianjin Chengjian University， Tianjin 300384， China； 2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology， Tianjin 300384，China）
关键词:
一段式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化;  磺胺甲恶唑;  宏基因组学;  菌群结构;  生物脱氮
Keywords:
single-stage partial nitritation-Anammox;  sulfamethoxazole;  metagenomics;  microbial community structure;  biological nitrogen removal
摘要:
探讨了磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）对一段式部分亚硝化-厌氧氨氧化（SPNA）系统的胁迫效应。结果表明，SPNA系统对SMX的响应具有浓度与时间依赖性：1 mg/L （25 d）下可以完全耐受；2 mg/L （30 d）暴露下出现短期抑制后脱氮效率又逐渐恢复；3 mg/L （17 d）和4 mg/L （25 d）长期暴露下脱氮性能仍可恢复并保持稳定。分析表明，SMX初始抑制EPS（尤其是PS）分泌，但在连续胁迫下EPS含量回升，成为微生物关键保护机制。微生物群落中Candidatus Brocadia的相对丰度在SMX胁迫下（2~4 mg/L）持续上升，而Nitrosomonas受到显著抑制。功能基因分析显示，SMX（2~4 mg/L）胁迫提升了厌氧氨氧化基因（hdh、hzs）丰度，未影响nirK和nirS基因，但导致sul1基因丰度显著增加。本研究揭示了SPNA系统通过群落演替与EPS分泌适应SMX胁迫的机制，同时提示了抗性基因扩散的生态风险。
Abstract:
This study investigated the stress effects of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) on a single-stage partial nitritation-Anammox (SPNA) system. The results showed that the response of the SPNA system to SMX was concentration-and time-dependent: it was completely tolerant at 1 mg/L (25 d); exhibited short-term inhibition but gradually recovered nitrogen removal efficiency after exposure to 2 mg/L (30 d); and maintained recoverable and stable performance under long-term exposure to higher concentrations of 3 mg/L (17 d) and 4 mg/L (25 d). Mechanistic studies revealed that SMX initially inhibited the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), particularly polysaccharides (PS), but EPS levels rebounded under continuous stress, serving as a key microbial protection mechanism. Microbial community analysis showed that the relative abundance of Candidatus Brocadia increased continuously under SMX stress (2-4 mg/L), while Nitrosomonas was significantly inhibited. Functional gene analysis indicated that SMX stress (2-4 mg/L) enhanced the abundance of anammox-related genes (hdh and hzs), did not promote nitrite reductase genes (nirK and nirS), but induced significant proliferation of the antibiotic resistance gene sul1. This study reveals the adaptation mechanism of the SPNA system to SMX stress through microbial community succession and EPS secretion, while also highlights the ecological risk of antibiotic resistance gene dissemination.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-04-01