[1]钟子哲,许萍,刘阔,等.降精度抄表对居民水量总分差不确定性的影响规律[J].中国给水排水,2026,42(7):32-38.
　ZHONGZizhe,XUPing,LIUKuo,et al.Influence of Reduced-precision Meter Reading on Uncertainty of Residential Total Integrated Flow Difference[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(7):32-38.
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降精度抄表对居民水量总分差不确定性的影响规律

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第42卷 期数: 2026年第7期 页码: 32-38 栏目: 出版日期: 2026-04-01
Title:
Influence of Reduced-precision Meter Reading on Uncertainty of Residential Total Integrated Flow Difference
作者:
钟子哲1,2， 许萍1， 刘阔3， 赵顺萍3， 孔祥达3， 徐强2， 胡承志2
（1.北京建筑大学 城市雨水系统与水环境教育部重点实验室，北京 100044；2.中国科学院生态环境研究中心 区域环境安全全国重点实验室环境水质学重点实验室，北京100085；3.北京市自来水集团有限责任公司，北京 100031）
Author(s):
ZHONG　Zizhe1，2， XU　Ping1， LIU　Kuo3， ZHAO　Shunping3， KONG　Xiangda3， XU　Qiang2， HU　Chengzhi2
（1. Key Laboratory of Urban Stormwater System and Water Environment ， Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture， Beijing 100044， China； 2. Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry， State Key Laboratory of Regional Environment and Sustainability， Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences， Chinese Academy of Sciences， Beijing 100085， China； 3. Beijing Waterworks Group Co. Ltd.， Beijing 100031， China）
关键词:
区域漏损;  总分差;  降精度抄表;  不确定性;  计量精度
Keywords:
regional water leakage;  total integrated flow difference;  reduced?precision meter reading;  uncertainty;  metering precision
摘要:
供水管网区域总表与居民分表的水量计量差（总分差）是评估区域漏损的重要依据，其准确性至关重要。然而，在居民户表的实际水量计量中，普遍存在“降精度抄表”现象，可能导致总分差分析的统计误差，进而影响漏损评估结果。但目前对“降精度抄表”带来的定量影响缺乏研究。为此，收集了北京市20 000 个居民户表的日用水量数据，计算了不同居民用户规模、抄表周期和计量精度组合时产生的总分差率，并量化了其不确定性区间宽度（UIW）。结果表明，随着用户规模和抄表周期的增加以及计量精度的提高，总分差率的离散程度逐渐减小，UIW呈现明显的下降趋势；当计量精度为0.01 m3时，可保证UIW达到可忽略的水平；但在计量精度为1 m3时，需达到一定的用户规模和抄表周期，以将UIW控制在2%以下为例，抄表周期分别为1、2、3和4周时，对应的最小用户规模分别为4 000、1 000、400和300户。该研究结果为居民总分差的准确分析提供了重要依据。
Abstract:
The water metering difference between the total meter and residential sub-meters in a regional water supply pipe network (total integrated flow difference) serves as a crucial basis for evaluating regional water leakage, and its accuracy is of paramount importance. However, in the actual water metering of residential sub-meters, the phenomenon of “reduced-precision meter reading” is widespread. This phenomenon may lead to statistical errors in the analysis of the total integrated flow difference, thereby affecting the results of leakage assessment. Currently, there is a lack of research on the quantitative impact caused by “reduced-precision meter reading”.To address this gap, daily water consumption data from 20 000 residential meters in Beijing were collected. The total integrated flow difference rate generated under combinations of different residential user scales, meter reading cycles, and metering accuracies was calculated, and its uncertainty interval width (UIW) was quantified. The results showed that with the increase in user scales and meter reading cycles, as well as the improvement of metering precision, the degree of dispersion of the total integrated flow difference rate gradually decreased, and the UIW showed an obvious downward trend; when the metering precision reached 0.01 m3, the UIW could be maintained at a negligible level; however, when the metering precision was 1 m3, a certain user scale and meter reading cycle were required. Taking controlling the UIW below 2% as an example, the minimum user scales corresponding to meter reading cycles of 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks, and 4 weeks were 4 000 households, 1 000 households, 400 households, and 300 households respectively. The findings of this study provide essential guidance for the accurate analysis of residential total integrated flow differences.
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-04-01