JIAXuchao,ZOULei,FANXuehong,et al.Optimization of Process Parameters and Selection of Filter Media for High-speed Filter[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(9):9-17.
高速滤池工艺参数优化与滤料比选
- Title:
- Optimization of Process Parameters and Selection of Filter Media for High-speed Filter
- Keywords:
- high-speed filtration; pilot test; filtration rate; backwashing parameter; filtration cycle; filter media
- 摘要:
- 为解决武汉某大型污水处理厂提标改造中用地紧张、对高速过滤工艺缺乏技术指导等难题，依托该厂开展中试，对不同滤速、反冲洗参数（气/水/气水混合冲洗强度与时间）及过滤周期的影响进行系统评估，并比较瓷砂、石英砂、新型微晶陶瓷三类滤料的去除效果，提出高速滤池的最优运行参数与滤料类型。结果表明，1#~3#滤柱最佳滤速均为13 m/h；最佳气冲强度分别为12、12、10 L/（m2·s），最佳气冲时间均为3 min；最佳水冲强度分别为12、10、8 L/（m2·s），最佳水冲时间均为8 min；最佳过滤周期分别为48、48、12 h。其中，2#滤柱设置有气水混合冲洗，最佳混冲强度和混冲时间分别为10 L/（m2·s）气冲+2 L/（m2·s）水冲和2 min。在上述最佳运行参数下，1#~3#滤柱对浊度的平均去除率分别为86.95%、90.66%、91.61%，对COD的去除率分别为46.08%、38.97%、23.08%。当聚焦于浊度去除时，综合考虑去除效果、反冲洗用水量及设备能耗等因素，采用石英砂滤料最为合适。
- Abstract:
- To address the challenges such as land scarcity and a lack of technical guidance on the high-speed filtration process in the upgrading and reconstruction of a large-scale wastewater treatment plant in Wuhan, a pilot-scale test was conducted based on the plant. The study systematically evaluated the impacts of different filtration rates, backwashing parameters (intensity and duration of air washing, water washing and air-water mixed washing), and filtration cycles.It also compared the removal performance of three types of filter media (porcelain sand, quartz sand and a new type of micro-crystalline ceramic), and proposed the optimal operating parameters and filter media type for high-speed filter. The results showed that the optimal design filtration rate for filter columns 1# to 3# was uniformly 13 m/h. Their optimal air washing intensity was 12 L/(m2·s), 12 L/(m2·s), and 10 L/(m2·s) respectively, with a consistent optimal air washing duration of 3 min; the optimal water washing intensity was 12 L/(m2·s), 10 L/(m2·s),and 8 L/(m2·s) respectively, with a uniform optimal water washing duration of 8 min; and the optimal filtration cycles were 48 h, 48 h, and 12 h respectively. Notably, filter column 2# was equipped with an air-water mixed washing stage, for which the optimal mixed washing intensity and duration were 10 L/(m2·s) for air washing combined with 2 L/(m2·s) for water washing and 2 min, respectively.Under the above-mentioned optimal operating parameters, the average turbidity removal rates of filter columns 1# to 3# reached 86.95%, 90.66% and 91.61% respectively, while the COD removal rates were 46.08%, 38.97% and 23.08%, respectively. When focusing on the turbidity index, quartz sand filter media was determined to be the most suitable option after a comprehensive consideration of removal efficiency, backwashing water consumption and equipment energy consumption.
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