[1]田海成,刘璐,范丹,等.城镇污水高品质回用中双膜工艺的设计要点[J].中国给水排水,2026,42(4):61-68.
　TIANHaicheng,LIULu,FANDan,et al.Design Points of Double-membrane Process in High-quality Reuse of Urban Sewage[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(4):61-68.
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城镇污水高品质回用中双膜工艺的设计要点

中国给水排水[ISSN:1000-4062/CN:12-1073/TU] 卷: 第42卷 期数: 2026年第4期 页码: 61-68 栏目: 出版日期: 2026-02-17
Title:
Design Points of Double-membrane Process in High-quality Reuse of Urban Sewage
作者:
田海成1,2， 刘璐3， 范丹4， 秦治虎1， 宋帅楠1， 焦文海1,2
（1.济南市市政工程设计研究院<集团>有限责任公司，山东 济南 250001；2.水环境治理绿色与智慧技术山东省工程研究中心，山东 济南 250001；3.山东黄河勘测设计研究院有限公司，山东 济南 250001；4.中规院<北京>规划设计有限公司，北京 100044）
Author(s):
TIAN　Haicheng1，2， LIU　Lu3， FAN　Dan4， QIN　Zhihu1， SONG　Shuainan1， JIAO　Wenhai1，2
（1. Jinan Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd.， Jinan 250001， China； 2. Shandong Engineering Research Center of Green and Smart Technologies for Water Environment Restoration， Jinan 250001， China； 3. Shandong Yellow River Reconnaissance Design & Research Institute Co. Ltd.， Jinan 250001， China； 4. CAUPD Beijing Planning & Design Consultants Co. Ltd.， Beijing 100044， China）
关键词:
城镇污水;  双膜工艺;  高品质回用;  超滤;  反渗透
Keywords:
urban sewage;  double-membrane process;  high-quality reuse;  ultrafiltration;  reverse osmosis
摘要:
在推进污水资源化利用的背景下，以“超滤+反渗透”为核心的双膜工艺广泛应用于城镇污水高品质回用领域。结合城镇污水有机物、无机物（氮、磷）、微生物等污染物浓度较高的特点，分别从前处理工段、超滤处理工段、反渗透处理工段、超滤及反渗透浓废水处理等方面总结了设计要点。前处理工段宜设置介质过滤单元降低悬浮物、铁、锰等无机污染，同时强化杀菌减缓微生物污染；超滤处理工段的过滤通量取值不宜过高，给水泵扬程应根据最低温度下的最大跨膜压差确定，以保证冬季低温下超滤工段的过滤水量；反渗透工段应采用抗污染型膜元件应对有机污染，以一级两段式结构实现70%~80%的目标水回收率，运行过程中通过加酸和投加阻垢剂的方式控制碳酸钙等难溶盐结垢；双膜工艺产生的浓废水回流至前处理工段进行循环处理时，需复核生化处理和深度处理单元的处理能力，并应考虑浓水循环后盐分浓度增加对生化系统和反渗透工段的影响。
Abstract:
In the context of promoting the resource utilization of sewage, the double-membrane process centered on “ultrafiltration + reverse osmosis” has been widely applied in the field of high-quality reuse of urban sewage. Combining the water quality characteristics of high concentrations of organic matter, inorganic substances (nitrogen, phosphorus), and microorganisms in urban sewage, the design key points are summarized from the aspects of pretreatment, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, and the treatment of concentrated wastewater generated by ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, providing a reference for similar engineering designs. The pretreatment section should be equipped with media filtration units to reduce inorganic pollutants such as SS, iron and manganese, while enhancing sterilization to mitigate microbial contamination. The design average flux of the ultrafiltration section should not be set too high, and the head of the feed pump should be determined based on the maximum transmembrane pressure difference at the lowest temperature, so as to ensure the filtration capacity of the ultrafiltration section during cold winter periods. The reverse osmosis section should employ anti-pollution membrane elements to cope with organic pollution, and adopt an one-stage two-section configuration to achieve a target water recovery rate of 70% to 80%. During operation, the formation of insoluble salts such as calcium carbonate is controlled by acid dosing and scale inhibitor addition. When the concentrated wastewater produced by the double-membrane process is recycled back to the pretreatment section for cyclic treatment, the treatment capacity of the biochemical and advanced treatment units must be re-evaluated, and the impact of increased salinity due to concentrate recycling on both the biochemical system and the reverse osmosis section should be taken into account.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2026-02-17