YuYirui,WeiJin,ZhouBojian,et al.Carbon Emission Characteristics and Pollution-Carbon Synergistic Reduction Strategies in Wastewater Treatment Plants with Different Modified AAO Processes[J].China Water & Wastewater,2026,42(19):1-10.
不同改良AAO工艺污水厂碳排放特征及减污降碳策略
- Title:
- Carbon Emission Characteristics and Pollution-Carbon Synergistic Reduction Strategies in Wastewater Treatment Plants with Different Modified AAO Processes
- Keywords:
- municipal wastewater treatment plant; modified AAO process; greenhouse gas; carbon emission characteristics; pollution reduction and carbon mitigation
- 摘要:
- 为定量解析不同改良AAO 工艺条件下广西城镇污水处理厂温室气体排放强度的差异特征，探索减污降碳优化路径，运用碳排放因子法对广西4座采用不同改良AAO工艺的城镇污水处理厂进行系统性的温室气体排放核算，并采用Pearson相关系数进行驱动因素分析。结果显示，各污水处理厂温室气体排放以直接排放为主，整体水平显著高于间接排放，其中N2O排放及电力消耗所对应的CO2间接排放为主要构成，CH4贡献率相对较低；不同工艺类型的总碳排放强度由低至高依次为多段AO、AAO+AO+倒置AAO、AAO+AO、倒置AAO工艺，分别为0.503、0.518、0.562、0.606 kg/m3；碳排放强度呈现显著季节性波动特征，8—9月最低，冬季及初春偏高；处理规模、CH4排放强度、COD去除率与总碳排放强度相关性较弱（r分别为-0.27、0.30和-0.01），而N2O排放强度、CO2排放强度与总碳排放强度呈显著正相关（r分别为0.96和0.77）。广西城镇污水处理厂实现减污降碳协同增效的核心在于兼顾直接温室气体排放与间接能源碳排放的协同控制，以N2O控制为重点，统筹优化脱氮路径与能源结构，通过精细化运行调控与工艺过程优化，降低高氮负荷条件下反硝化不完全导致的N2O释放风险，并同步抑制因能耗增加所引发的CO2间接排放，从而推动污水处理系统向低碳化与高效化协同转型。相比单纯依赖末端节能措施，通过优化生物处理工艺构型实现源头减排，是城镇污水处理厂实现减污降碳协同增效更为有效的技术路径，对于拟实施技术改造的城镇污水处理厂，建议在条件允许的情况下优先采用多段AO工艺。
- Abstract:
- To quantitatively characterize the differences in greenhouse gas (GHG) emission intensities among municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) employing different modified AAO processes in Guangxi and explore optimization pathways for synergistic pollution reduction and carbon mitigation, the carbon emission factor method was applied to systematically quantify GHG emissions from four municipal WWTPs with different modified AAO processes. Pearson correlation analysis was further performed to identify the driving factors affecting GHG emissions. The results showed that direct GHG emissions predominated in all WWTPs and were significantly higher than indirect emissions. Among the GHG components, N2O emissions and indirect CO2 emissions associated with electricity consumption were the major contributors, whereas CH4 contributed relatively little. The total GHG emission intensities of the four process configurations in ascending order were multistage AO, AAO+AO+inverted AAO, AAO+AO, and inverted AAO, with values of 0.503 kg/m3, 0.518 kg/m3, 0.562 kg/m3, and 0.606 kg/m3, respectively. GHG emission intensity exhibited significant seasonal variation, reaching the lowest levels during August and September and the highest levels in winter and early spring. Weak correlations were observed between total GHG emission intensity and treatment capacity, CH4 emission intensity, and COD removal efficiency (r values of -0.27, 0.30, and -0.01, respectively), whereas N2O emission intensity and CO2 emission intensity showed strong positive correlations with total GHG emission intensity (r values of 0.96 and 0.77 respectively). These results indicate that the key to achieving synergistic pollution reduction and carbon mitigation in municipal WWTPs lies in the coordinated control of direct GHG emissions and indirect CO2 emissions from energy consumption, with priority given to mitigating N2O emissions. This can be achieved by optimizing nitrogen removal pathways, improving energy utilization, strengthening operational control, and optimizing biological treatment processes to reduce N2O emissions caused by incomplete denitrification under high nitrogen loading while simultaneously lowering indirect CO2 emissions associated with increased energy consumption. Compared with end-of-pipe energy-saving measures, source reduction through optimization of biological treatment process configurations is a more effective strategy for achieving synergistic pollution reduction and carbon mitigation. For municipal WWTPs undergoing upgrading or retrofitting, the multistage AO process is recommended as the preferred option where site conditions and investment permit.
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