YANGMin,SHANGWei,LIPeng-feng,et al.Influencing Factors of Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection and Its Optimization in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants[J].China Water & Wastewater,2022,38(9):76-81.
城镇污水处理厂次氯酸钠消毒影响因素及优化研究
- Title:
- Influencing Factors of Sodium Hypochlorite Disinfection and Its Optimization in Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants
- 摘要:
- 以典型城镇污水处理厂滤池出水为研究对象，对次氯酸钠消毒主要影响因素进行了分析，并从有效氯投加量和消毒效果表征指标两方面对工艺优化分别开展了研究。结果表明，有效氯投加量、接触时间、混合条件和粪大肠菌群数对消毒效果影响显著，氨氮浓度对消毒效果影响较小；静置下温度对消毒效果影响显著，搅拌下温度对消毒效果的影响可以忽略；当搅拌接触时间≥10 min时，有效氯投加量为0.75 mg/L即可确保滤池出水消毒后的粪大肠菌群数稳定达到一级A标准；典型深度处理工艺沿程粪大肠菌群数明显降低，与二沉池出水相比，滤池出水粪大肠菌群数平均降低85%；对于一级A及以上标准的城镇污水处理厂，接触时间≥10 min时滤池出水消毒的有效氯投加量为1 mg/L，接触时间<10 min时滤池出水消毒的有效氯投加量可增至1.25 mg/L；优化的有效氯投加量（1~1.25 mg/L）明显低于调研的全国高排放标准城镇污水处理厂的平均有效氯投加量（3.69 mg/L）；当有效氯投加量为1 mg/L时，滤池出水接触30 min的余氯（0.02~0.16 mg/L）明显低于调研的全国高排放标准城镇污水处理厂的平均余氯（1.12 mg/L），尾水生态安全风险明显降低；同时，提出了一种消毒效果快速表征指标，即氧化还原电位（ORP）和运行控制参数氧化还原电位增量（ΔORP），并给出了有效氯投加量为1 mg/L时滤池出水不同接触时间的ΔORP参考值。
- Abstract:
- The main influencing factors of sodium hypochlorite for disinfecting the effluent from a filter of a typical municipal wastewater treatment plant were systematically analyzed, and the disinfection process was optimized according to the characterization indexes of effective chlorine dosage and disinfection performance. Effective chlorine dosage, contact time, mixing conditions and the number of fecal coliforms had significant effects on disinfection performance, while ammonia nitrogen had little effect on disinfection performance. The influence of temperature on disinfection performance under static condition was significant, while that under agitation could be ignored. When the stirring and contact time was no less than 10 min, effective chlorine dosage of 0.75 mg/L could ensure that the number of fecal coliforms in the effluent of the filter after disinfection reached the first level A criteria specified in the Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant (GB 18918-2002). The number of fecal coliforms in the effluent from typical advanced treatment processes decreased significantly along the process. Compared with the number of fecal coliforms in the effluent from a secondary sedimentation tank, that in the effluent from the filter was decreased by 85% on average. For municipal wastewater treatment plants that require to meet the first level A standard or more strict standards, the optimized effective chlorine dosage for disinfection of the effluent from filter was 1 mg/L when the contact time was no less than 10 min. When the contact time was less than 10 min, the effective chlorine dosage for the disinfection could be increased to 1.25 mg/L. The optimized effective chlorine dosage (1-1.25 mg/L) was significantly lower than the average effective chlorine dosage (3.69 mg/L) of the surveyed municipal wastewater treatment plants required to meet stricter discharge standards. When the effective chlorine dosage was 1 mg/L, the residual chlorine in the effluent from the filter for 30 minutes contact (0.02-0.16 mg/L) was significantly lower than that (1.12 mg/L) in the effluent from the surveyed municipal wastewater treatment plants required to meet stricter discharge standards in China, and the ecological safety risk of the tail water was significantly reduced.An optimized disinfection rapid characterization index [oxidation reduction potential (ORP)] and an operation control parameter (ΔORP) were innovatively proposed, and the referential ΔORP for different contact times of the effluent from the filter under the effective chlorine dosage of 1 mg/L were proposed.
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